Defining the Home from Chopin to McCarthy

The relationship between home, domesticity and space in American Literature has been the source of much critical debate and discussion. Although the physical space is now settled the ideology of the frontier and the need for continuous expansion still permeates American culture. Additionally, the cultural imperative to traverse new ground, both ideologically and physically, is a resounding American philosophy which pervades the frontier narrative. Viewing the frontier from a gendered perspective, for example as domesticated or active, revises the concept of the frontier which depicts women seizing the masculine role of quester. The emphasis of this study is in the exploration of the construction of home and journeying in select works from authors Kate Chopin to Cormac McCarthy whose writing frames a period of just over one hundred years, in order to discern if the cultural myth of the pastoral shifts or remains static. This is achieved by highlighting the contrast between the expectations and real experience of the West in the groups of pioneers and migrants who are depicted throughout this period. The West in this study is thus portrayed as idealised space sustained by pastoral myths and defines the land as representative of both freedom and confinement. The issues of freedom, confinement and the land are also examined through the expectations and limitations placed on the female through the ‗Cult of True Womanhood‘ and Chopin, Cather, Glaspell and Robinson‘s non-conformist attitude to this feminine archetype. The main conclusions drawn from the exploration of texts are the interconnectivity between home and the ‗unheimlich‘ and homesickness, the blurred boundaries between the static and the mobile with regards to ‗home‘, and the continuous quest for new frontiers

Female prisoners, aftercare and release : residential provision and support in late nineteenth century England

This article examines the release and aftercare of female prisoners in England during the late nineteenth century. Primarily it seeks to illuminate the use of residential provision for women who had been released from both convict and local prisons, contrasting the two systems and suggesting how such institutions may have affected the women's subsequent offending. The research presented here draws on two sets of data, the material on local prisons uses a case study of female prisoners at Stafford prison (Turner, 2009; 2011) and the convict prison data draws on the licensing and release of female convicts collated for a recent ESRC funding project on the costs of imprisonment (Johnston & Godfrey, 2013a). This article outlines and reflects upon aftercare and residential provision for women leaving prison, during a period when a woman released from prison was regarded as 'the most hopeless creature in the world' (Reverend William Morrison cited in Gladstone Committee Report, 1895). Aftercare and support was variable for those leaving local prisons, but for convict women released on conditional licence to a refuge, this could offer them the opportunity to build a new life after release

Anthony\u27s Silence: The Intersection of Sex, Gender and Race in \u3cem\u3eDesigning Women\u3c/em\u3e

Editor\u27s Note: Lynn H. Turner and Helen Sterk examine one small part of the Designing Women script, a short speech by Anthony (one of the series\u27 regulars). They argue that, as the only African American male in the series, Anthony was in a unique position to examine the gender and race issues posed by the Thomas/Hill hearings, and by the Thomas nomination itself. Calling on writings by African .American scholars commenting on the Senate hearings and on race and gender issues generally, the authors conclude that the structure of Anthony\u27s speech represents a missed opportunity

Fluctuating demands and unexpected events: An action research approach to improving work-family interaction in project-based work

This research into work-family balance in project-based construction work aims to:determine the effect of a consultative approach to the identification and evaluation of work- family balance strategies on the work-family experiences of project-based construction workers;examine the relationship between workload fluctuations and work-family experiences (both positive and negative) on project-based construction workers; andinform the development of industry policy and organisational support for positive work-family interaction in the construction industry.The issue of work-family balance is of great importance to Australia. Driven by demographic changes, the aging workforce, low birth rates, dramatic increases in dual earner couples and the changing expectations of younger generations of Australian workers, there is an urgent need to find practical solutions to the work-family balance problem.In Australia, the longest average work hours are observed in blue-collar, traditionally male industries, including construction. Construction workers are expected to work non-standard work schedules, including regular weekend work.Project-based construction work is subject to varying levels of intensity. In projects, there are critical points at which components must be completed. Immediately prior to these critical points, the intensity of work is very high. During these periods work hours can be very long, impacting negatively upon work-family experiences. The impact of peaks and troughs in work intensity on the work-family experiences of construction workers is not well understood.The research evaluates the effect of a employer-worker consultation concerning work-family interaction and the implementation of selected project-specific work-family balance strategies in a series of case study construction projects. The research will inform the Victorian Government’s policy development and build a strong partnership between government and the construction industry, for the purpose of promoting positive work-family interaction among the construction workforce.Research teamRMIT University, School of Property, Construction and Project Management:Professor Helen LingardTel. +61 3 9925 3449Email: [email protected] University of Melbourne, Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning:Valerie FrancisTel. +61 3 8344 8762Email: [email protected] TurnerTel. +61 3 8344 7256Email: [email protected]

Spiroindolone NITD609 is a novel antimalarial drug that targets the P-type ATPase PfATP4

Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite and is a major health problem leading to many deaths worldwide. Lack of a vaccine and increasing drug resistance highlights the need for new antimalarial drugs with novel targets. Antiplasmodial activity of spiroindolones was discovered through whole-cell, phenotypic screening methods. Optimization of the lead spiroindolone improved both potency and pharmacokinetic properties leading to drug candidate NITD609 which has produced encouraging results in clinical trials. Spiroindolones inhibit PfATP4, a P-type Na+-ATPase in the plasma membrane of the parasite, causing a fatal disruption of its sodium homeostasis. Other diverse compounds from the Malaria Box appear to target PfATP4 warranting further research into its structure and binding with NITD609 and other potential antimalarial drugs

Examining the feasibility of an economic analysis of dyadic developmental psychotherapy for children with maltreatment associated psychiatric problems in the United Kingdom

Background: Children with maltreatment associated psychiatric problems are at increased risk of developing behavioural or mental health disorders. Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy (DDP) was proposed as treatment for children with maltreatment histories in the USA, however, being new to the UK little is known of its effectiveness or cost-effectiveness. As part of an exploratory study, this paper explores the feasibility of undertaking economic analysis of DDP in the UK. Methods: Feasibility for economic analysis was determined by ensuring such analysis could meet key criteria for economic evaluation. Phone interviews were conducted with professionals (therapists trained and accredited or in the process of becoming accredited DDP practitioners). Three models were developed to represent alternative methods of DDP service delivery. Once appropriate comparators were determined, economic scenarios were constructed. Cost analyses were undertaken from a societal perspective. Finally, appropriate outcome measurement was explored through clinical opinion, literature and further discussions with clinical experts. Results: Three DDP models were constructed: DDP Full-Basic, DDP Home-Based and DDP Long-Term. Two potential comparator interventions were identified and defined as Consultation with Carers and Individual Psychotherapy. Costs of intervention completion per case were estimated to be: £6,700 (DDP Full-Basic), £7,100 (Consultations with Carers), £7,200 (DDP Home-Based), £11,400 (Individual Psychotherapy) and £14,500 (DDP Long-Term). None of the models of service delivery were found to currently measure effectiveness consistently. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was deemed an appropriate primary outcome measure, however, it does not cover all disorders DDP intends to treat and the SDQ is not a direct measure of health gain. Inclusion of quality of life measurement is required for comprehensive economic analysis. Conclusions: Economic analysis of DDP in the UK is feasible if vital next steps are taken to measure intervention outcomes consistently, ideally with a quality of life measurement. An economic analysis using the models constructed could determine the potential cost-effectiveness of DDP in the UK and identify the most efficient mode of service delivery

The feasibility of a randomised controlled trial of Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy

Background: Maltreated children have significant and complex problems which clinicians find difficult to diagnose and treat. Previous US pilot work suggests that Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy (DDP) may be effective; however, rigorous evidence from a randomised controlled trial (RCT) is lacking. The purpose of this study is to establish the feasibility of an RCT of DDP by exploring the ways that DDP is operating across different UK sites and the impacts of current practice on the potential set-up of an RCT. Methods: Qualitative methods (interviews, focus groups and teleconferences) were used to explore trial feasibility with therapists and service managers from teams implementing both DDP and possible control interventions. Data were analysed thematically and related to various aspects of trial design. Results: DDP was commonly regarded as having a particular congruence with the complexity of maltreatment-associated problems and a common operating model of DDP was evident across sites. A single control therapy was harder to establish, however, and it is likely to be a non-specific and context-dependent intervention/s offered within mainstream Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). Because a ‘gold standard’ Treatment as Usual (TAU) does not currently exist, randomisation between DDP and TAU (CAMHS) therefore looks feasible and ethical. The nature of family change during DDP was regarded as multi-faceted, non-linear and relationship-based. Assessment tools need to be carefully considered in terms of their ability to capture change that covers both individual child and family-based functioning. Conclusions: An RCT of DDP is feasible and timely. This study has demonstrated widespread interest, support and engagement regarding an RCT and permissions have been gained from sites that have shown readiness to participate. As maltreated children are among the most vulnerable in society, and as there are currently no treatments with RCT evidence, such a trial would be a major advance in the field

Hope : metaphorically speaking

In a recent Gadamerian hermeneutic study, photographyand in-depth interviews were used as key methods to explicate the phenomenon of hope. Whilst using photography within qualitative research has become increasingly popular over the last decade, little has been written about how to introduce photographs as conversation enhancers or how photographs have the capacity to unleash both conceptual and linguistic metaphors.This article gives insights into the experience of using photographs to illuminate the phenomenon of hope and identifies metaphors that were revealed through the participants\u27 photographs.<br /

the DESIGN DRIVE

A single-source, online database with a unique mode of sharing technical knowledge and theoretical information that engages twenty-first century design education deeply shaped by technology, grounded in instant connection, and populated by wide-ranging digital data to enhance web-based teaching and learning